Dielectric films Breakdown Charge d'espace Fluid model Space charges Cross-linked polyethylene EFM Nanocomposite Electrical ageing DC conductivity Current measurement Dielectric Electroluminescence Epoxy resin Proteins Bipolar charge transport model Atomic force microscopy Insulating polymers Polymer SiO2 Electrodes Nanostructured dielectrics Polymers Charges injection Dielectric materials Polymeric insulation KPFM Dielectric material Accumulation characteristics Insulation Interfacial charge Pulsed electro acoustic method Silver nanoparticles Charge transport modeling Transport LIMM HVDC Silicon compounds Thin films Epoxy Cross-linking by-products PTFE AFM Charge transport AgNPs Dielectrics Charge trapping Luminescence Dielectric charging LDPE Plasma processes HVDC cable Interfaces Cumyl alcohol Rotating machines Thermal aging Charge transport model Insulations Power cables Acoustic wave propagation Electron-beam irradiation Modeling FLIMM Ac electric field PEA Electrical insulation Ageing Plasma process Cable Conductivity Charge measurement Polyimide Electrostatics Silver Polarization Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy FTIR Cathodoluminescence Polarity reversal Electric field Field distribution Polypropylene BSA Mechanical properties Dielectric properties Electric field distribution Plasma deposition Partial discharges Conduction current XLPE Permittivity Space charge Optimization C-AFM Charge injection Radiation effects Aluminum oxide Gamma irradiation Crosslinked polyethylene Polyethylene